Honeycomb Lung Causes

Honeycomb Lung Causes (A-Z):

• Acute interstitial pneumonitis survivors
• Allergic alveolitis
• Bronchiectasis (cystic fibrosis)
• Collagen diseases (rheumatoid disease, scleroderma)
• Drug-induced (bleomycin, cyclophosphamide, nitrofurantoin)
• Eosinophilic granuloma
• Neurofibromatosis
• Non-specific interstitial pneumonitis (uncommonly)
• Pneumoconiosis (asbestosis)
• Sarcoidosis
• Usual interstitial pneumonitis

Image: Honycomb Lung by Ed Uthman on Wikipedia (Public Domain)

Tags: Acute Interstitial Pneumonitis - Allergic Alveolitis - Bronchiectasis - Collagen Diseases - Eosinophilic Granuloma - Interstitial Pneumonitis - Neurofibromatosis - Pneumoconiosis - Sarcoidosis - Usual Interstitial Pneumonitis
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Steroid Responsive Interstitial Lung Disease (ILD)

Steroid Responsive ILD (Listed A-Z):

• Acute bronchiolitis
• Allergic alveolitis
• BOOP (Bronchiolitis obliterans organising pneumonia)
• Collagen diseases
• Drug-induced ILD
• Idiopathic interstitial pneumonitis
  AIP (Acute interstitial pneumonitis)
  DIP (Desquamative interstitial pneumonitis)
  LIP (Lymphocytic interstitial pneumonitis)
  NSIP (Non-specific interstitial pneumonitis)
  RB-ILD (Respiratory bronchiolitis - interstitial lung disease)
• Sarcoidosis
• Vasculitis

Tags: Acute Bronchiolitis - AIP - Allergic Alveolitis - BOOP - Collagen Diseases - DIP - Interstitial Lung Disease - Idiopathic Interstitial Pneumonitis - Interstitial Pneumonitis - LIP - NSIP - RB-ILD - Sarcoidosis - Steroid - Vasculitis
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Upper Lobe Infiltrations or Fibrosis on Chest Xray

Aetiological Factors:

• Allergic alveolitis
• Ankylosing spondylitis
• Eosiniphilic granuloma
• Histoplasmosis
• Radiation pneumonitis
• Rheumatoid arthritis
• Rhodococcus equi
• Sarcoidosis
• Silicosis progressive massive fibrosis
• Sporotrichosis
• Talcosis
• Tuberculosis

Tags: Chest Xray - Pulmonary infiltrate - Pulmonary fibrosis - Tuberculosis - Upper Lobe

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Pneumonia With Cavitation - Causes

Bacterial Causes:

• Actinomycosis
• Anaerobes
• Atypical mycobacteria
• Gram negatives
• Legionella
• Mycobacterium tuberculosis
• Nocardia
• Rhodococcus
• Staph aureus
• Strep pneumoniae (rare)

Fungal Causes:

• Aspergillus
• Blastomycosis (uncommon)
• Coccidioidomycosis
• Cryptococcosis (uncommon)
• Histoplasmosis
• Pneumocystis
• Sporotrichosis

Parasitic Causes:

• Amoebiasis
• Echinococcosis
• Paragonimiasis

Tags: Cavitation - Pneumonia
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Right Middle Lobe Syndrome

Right Middle Lobe Syndrome General Details:
Right Middle Lobe Syndrome is a confusing term.
There is no consistent clinical definition.
Commonly described as non-obstructive atelectasis of the Right Middle Lobe (RML) of lung.
Most common in children with a history of asthma or atopy.
One version is Lady Windermere syndrome due to Mycobacterium avium complex infection.

Diagnosis:
A right middle lobe syndrome (RMLS) diagnosis is mainly based on the presence of atelectasis of the RML of long duration.
Need to rule out an acute right middle lobe pneumonia with repeat chest X-ray in 3-4 weeks of initial onset.
Some authorities suggest the diagnosis is made only after a patent bronchus is confirmed.

Investigation (Radiology):
Bronchography - patent bronchus & often associated bronchiectasis.
Bronchoscopy - shows a patent bronchus.
High resolution CT (HRCT) chest - employ if bronchiectasis is suspected.
Serial chest X-rays.

Investigation - Chest Xray:
Characterized by a wedge-shaped density that extends anteriorly & inferiorly from the hilum of the lung.
Feature is best visualized on lateral chest X-ray.
Variable volume loss in RML, which may fluctuate over time

Investigations (Other):
ESR
Full blood count (FBC)
Fungal serology
Immunoglobulins
Lung function tests
Tuberculin skin test

Image: from Wikipedia by Samir under GNU Free Documentation License.
Tags: Asthma - Atelectasis - Atopy - Bronchography - Bronchoscopy - Chest X-ray - ESR - HRCT - Mycobacterium avium complex - Right Middle Lobe Syndrome
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Medicalchemy Respiratory Medicine (Pulmonology) Blog

This Medicalchemy (TM) blog will be about Respiratory Medicine (Pulmonology) related topics.

Tags: Blog - Pulmonology - Respiratory - Respiratory Medicine
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